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Unusual weather trivia that is hard to google


Scott

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I don't know the answer to this, but which states in the lower 48 have had the daily high and low?

 

Off the top of my head, I have seen the following states have the daily low:

 

Oregon 

California

Nevada

Utah

Idaho

Arizona

New Mexico
Colorado

Wyoming

Montana

North Dakota

South Dakota

Nebraska

Iowa

Minnesota

Maine 

Vermont

New Hampshire

New York

West Virginia

 

I assume Washington has had it as well, though I don't remember ever seeing one.  I want to say that I vaguely remember Indiana has had one, but I'm not 100% sure on this.

 

For the Nation's high (Lower 48 at least), I remember the following (I'm guessing that I am missing a bunch here):

 

California

Nevada

Utah

Arizona

New Mexico

Utah

Montana

Minnesota (at International Falls!)

Texas
South Dakota

Nebraska

Kansas

Florida

Alabama

Georgia

Maryland

 

I vaguely remember North Dakota as well. 

 

I assume that I am missing a bunch, but which states are there.  I'm guessing that Washington may have been on there at one time or another and certainly states such as South Carolina.  

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I don't know the answer to this, but which states in the lower 48 have had the daily high and low?

 

Off the top of my head, I have seen the following states have the daily low:

 

Oregon 

California

Nevada

Utah

Idaho

Arizona

New Mexico

Colorado

Wyoming

Montana

North Dakota

South Dakota

Nebraska

Iowa

Minnesota

Maine 

Vermont

New Hampshire

New York

West Virginia

 

I assume Washington has had it as well, though I don't remember ever seeing one.  I want to say that I vaguely remember Indiana has had one, but I'm not 100% sure on this.

 

For the Nation's high (Lower 48 at least), I remember the following (I'm guessing that I am missing a bunch here):

 

California

Nevada

Utah

Arizona

New Mexico

Utah

Montana

Minnesota (at International Falls!)

Texas

South Dakota

Nebraska

Kansas

Florida

Alabama

Georgia

Maryland

 

I vaguely remember North Dakota as well. 

 

I assume that I am missing a bunch, but which states are there.  I'm guessing that Washington may have been on there at one time or another and certainly states such as South Carolina.  

 

I remember a few instances where California had both the national high and low on the same day, during the summer months. A place like Truckee or Bodie can have the national low, and Death Valley the national high later that afternoon. 

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I remember a few instances where California had both the national high and low on the same day, during the summer months. A place like Truckee or Bodie can have the national low, and Death Valley the national high later that afternoon. 

 

Yes.  I have seen Arizona, Nevada, and Utah do that as well.

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Here's an interesting (in my opinion) way of looking at when Portland's summer season "peaks" - probability of maximum thresholds. Using PDX data, here is the day of the year with the maximum probability of occurrence for each maximum threshold:

 

70F - Jul 31st (98.8%)

75F - Aug 10th (86.1%)

80F - Jul 26th (67.5%)

85F - Aug 14th (41.8%)

90F - Aug 9th (24.1%)

95F - Aug 8th (12.7%)

100F - Aug 8th & Aug 11th (5.1%)

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Here are some places I know of in the lower 48 that do have their record lows in March, or did until not that long ago:

 

Iowa (several locations) due to the March 1962 cold snap.  Southeast USA (March 1980 cold snap, though most of these were eclipsed in 1985)

 

Those were in early March though.   

 

 

I found another good one. 

 

All-time record low of -48F at Mohall, ND on 3/14/1897. This is the ND state record for March that's listed under "McKinney" in the Infoplease tables. A check of Google maps shows those two towns are right next to each other. It passes the initial smell test since that cold wave also produced -45F in Glasgow and -41F in Havre. 

 

Siting is a possible issue however. Mohall/McKinney also hit -48F on 2/9/1900, when no other station in North Dakota dropped below -42F. They also dropped to -48F on 2/8/1899 (a value that I would definitely believe given that cold wave), but have never been below -47F since. It's a little suspect that a station hits its all-time record low three times in three years and then never gets there again. Very possible that the station was repositioned sometime after 1900 to reflect standard measuring conditions. 

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I found another good one. 

 

All-time record low of -48F at Mohall, ND on 3/14/1897. This is the ND state record for March that's listed under "McKinney" in the Infoplease tables. A check of Google maps shows those two towns are right next to each other. It passes the initial smell test since that cold wave also produced -45F in Glasgow and -41F in Havre. 

 

Siting is a possible issue however. Mohall/McKinney also hit -48F on 2/9/1900, when no other station in North Dakota dropped below -42F. They also dropped to -48F on 2/8/1899 (a value that I would definitely believe given that cold wave), but have never been below -47F since. It's a little suspect that a station hits its all-time record low three times in three years and then never gets there again. Very possible that the station was repositioned sometime after 1900 to reflect standard measuring conditions. 

 

Interesting.     Portal isn't that far from Mohall and recorded a -42F on 3/14/1897.  If it weren't for the cold snap in 1936, this would have been within three degrees of the record low there.  It appears that the  data from 2/15/1936 and 2/16/1936 is missing on Mohall.

 

Looking at both Portal and Mohall, I suspect that the Mohall readings might be correct, but that had the Mohall station been reporting on 2/15/1936 and 2/16/1936, it mayhave broken the March record (of course this is just speculation).   The March record is very impressive no matter what though.

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Interesting.     Portal isn't that far from Mohall and recorded a -42F on 3/14/1897.  If it weren't for the cold snap in 1936, this would have been within three degrees of the record low there.  It appears that the  data from 2/15/1936 and 2/16/1936 is missing on Mohall.

 

Looking at both Portal and Mohall, I suspect that the Mohall readings might be correct, but that had the Mohall station been reporting on 2/15/1936 and 2/16/1936, it mayhave broken the March record (of course this is just speculation).   The March record is very impressive no matter what though.

 

It appears that the minimums for Mohall have been QC'd out for the dates of Feb. 15 & 16, 1936, along with so many other readings in the national database (thanks NCEI).

 

According to the February 1936 ND state climo publication, Mohall recorded -42F on the 15th and -44F on the 16th. Apparently that particular area didn't see minimums as cold as some of the other parts of the state. Just to the south of Mohall, Foxholm 7N also bottomed out at -44F during that cold wave.

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It appears that the minimums for Mohall have been QC'd out for the dates of Feb. 15 & 16, 1936, along with so many other readings in the national database (thanks NCEI).

 

Weird.  Those readings don't seem implausible in any way.  In fact, I'm surprised that they weren't colder.  

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Weird.  Those readings don't seem implausible in any way.  In fact, I'm surprised that they weren't colder.  

 

I can't figure out what algorithm they're using to flag readings. It seems random, although I'm sure that it's not since they're using statistical formulas. They'll remove certain readings that don't seem out of place (like Feb. 1936) but leave in other readings that totally stick out. Like the 3/14/1897 minimum for example. Makes no sense. 

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  • 3 weeks later...

 

Here are the "most overdue" heat waves currently at PDX, based on calendar month:

 

  • February reading above 65. None since 1995, after occurrences in 1958, 1968, 1977, 1986, 1988, 1991, and 1995. 
  • August reading above 102. None since 1981, after occurrences in 1972, 1977, and 1981. 
  • September reading above 95. None since 1988, after occurrences in 1944, 1952, 1955, 1958, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1981, and 1988.
  • October reading above 85. None since 1991, after occurrences in 1952, 1970, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1987, 1988, and 1991. 

 

 

Two down. 

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It's interesting looking back at the -PDO period that kicked off a decade ago. PDX saw April freezes in 5 of 6 years from 2007-12, the only exception being 2010. In contrast, there weren't any April freezes between 1999 and 2007, and none since 2012. Pretty strong correlation there it seems. If I was in agriculture or in the business of predicting crop prices in the PNW which have April frost sensitivity, I would take note of the PDO and its tendencies. 

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This is what I have for April record lows across northern tier states (as well as southern Canada)...corrections welcome.

 

Washington: -7 Lake Keechelus 4/1/1936

Oregon: -23 Meacham 4/1/1936

Idaho: -22 Copper Basin 4/5/1997

Montana: -33 Gates Park 4/2/2002

Wyoming: -29 Lake Yellowstone 4/1/1920

North Dakota: -24 Powers Lake 4/2/1975

South Dakota: -16 Deerfield 4/3/1951

Minnesota: -22 Karlstad 4/6/1979

Wisconsin: -17 Rest Lake 4/1/1923

Michigan: -17 Champion Van Riper Park 4/4/1954 (official), Bergland -34 4/1/1923 (unofficial)

New York: -24 North Lake 4/1/1923

Vermont: -13 Mt Mansfield 4/7/1982

New Hampshire: -20 Mt Washington 4/5/1995

Maine: -14 Clayton Lake 4/2/1964

 

BC: -31 Smith River 4/1/1954

Alberta: -38 Peace River 4/2/1954

Saskatchewan: -40 Key Lake 4/1/1996

Manitoba: -35 Port Nelson 4/14/1923

Ontario: -35 Hornepayne 4/2/1932

Quebec: -35 Doucet 4/1/1923

 

 

I took a look at the Michigan climate report for April 1923, and I'm really starting to think the Bergland reading was legit. In addition to the supposed -34F at Bergland on 4/1/1923, there was a -30F reading at Humboldt in Marquette County that morning. Readings dropped to -23F at Mio and -20F at Hale Loud Dam in lower Michigan as well. The Mio reading in lower Michigan looks totally legit even if we discount the -30s in the UP. Mio (technically "Mio Hydro Plant") appears to be a location prone to extremes. It holds the MI state record high of 112F from July 1936 and also fell to -45F on 2/9/1934, when nearby Vanderbilt set the state record low of -51F. 

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PDX average maximums, duration records:

 

5 days:

104.2 (Aug 6 - Aug 10, 1981)

101.8 (Jul 13 - Jul 17, 1941)

101.0 (Jul 27 - Jul 31, 2009)

99.8 (Jul 19 - Jul 23, 1994)

99.4 (Aug 9 - Aug 13, 1977)

 

10 days:

97.1 (Aug 8 - Aug 17, 1977)

96.8 (Jul 25 - Aug 3, 2009)

96.4 (Aug 5 - Aug 14, 1981)

94.6 (Jul 12 - Jul 21, 1941)

94.4 (Jul 31 - Aug 9, 2017)

 

15 days:

94.53 (Aug 3 - Aug 17, 1977)

93.20 (Aug 4 - Aug 18, 1981)

92.87 (Jul 20 - Aug 3, 2009)

92.20 (Jun 25 - Jul 9, 2015)

92.13 (Aug 8 - Aug 22, 1967)

 

20 days:

93.15 (Jul 30 - Aug 18, 1977)

91.95 (Jul 15 - Aug 3, 2009)

90.95 (Aug 9 - Aug 28, 1967)

90.20 (Jul 22 - Aug 10, 2017)

89.85 (Aug 4 - Aug 23, 1981)

 

25 days:

90.64 (Jul 24 - Aug 17, 1977)

89.84 (Aug 8 - Sep 1, 1967)

89.24 (Jun 25 - Jul 19, 2015)

88.92 (Jul 10 - Aug 3, 2009)

88.64 (Jul 5 - Jul 29, 1985)

 

30 days:

89.43 (Jul 20 - Aug 18, 1977)

88.33 (Aug 8 - Sep 6, 1967)

88.27 (Jun 21 - Jul 20, 2015)

87.57 (Jul 31 - Aug 29, 2017)

87.37 (Jul 14 - Aug 12, 1990)

 

35 days:

87.86 (Aug 1 - Sep 4, 2017)

87.80 (Jul 14 - Aug 17, 1977)

87.69 (Jul 9 - Aug 12, 1990)

87.66 (Jul 29 - Sep 1, 1967)

87.29 (Jul 16 - Aug 19, 1971)

 

 

40 days:

87.83 (ending on 9/6/2017)

87.53 (ending on 8/1/2015)

86.93 (ending on 9/4/1967)

86.90 (ending on 8/15/1990)

86.73 (ending on 8/21/1971)

 

50 days:

87.00 (ending on 9/8/2017)

86.92 (ending on 8/13/2015)

85.96 (ending on 9/3/1972)

85.80 (ending on 9/7/1967)

85.22 (ending on 8/30/1971)

 

60 days:

86.58 (ending on 8/23/2015)

86.00 (ending on 9/11/2017) - today!

85.40 (ending on 8/29/1967)

84.75 (ending on 8/28/2014)

t-84.65 (ending on 9/8/1972)

t-84.65 (ending on 9/6/2003)

 

75 days:

85.99 (ending on 8/27/2015)

85.55 (ending on 9/5/2017)

84.75 (ending on 9/5/1967)

83.92 (ending on 9/6/2003)

83.91 (ending on 9/13/2014)

 

90 days:

85.13 (ending on 9/1/2015)

84.13 (ending on 9/11/2017) - today!

84.07 (ending on 9/27/1967)

83.17 (ending on 9/21/2014)

82.42 (ending on 9/27/1994)

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This is what I have for April record lows across northern tier states (as well as southern Canada)...corrections welcome.

 

Washington: -7 Lake Keechelus 4/1/1936

Oregon: -23 Meacham 4/1/1936

Idaho: -22 Copper Basin 4/5/1997

Montana: -33 Gates Park 4/2/2002

Wyoming: -29 Lake Yellowstone 4/1/1920

North Dakota: -24 Powers Lake 4/2/1975

South Dakota: -16 Deerfield 4/3/1951

Minnesota: -22 Karlstad 4/6/1979

Wisconsin: -17 Rest Lake 4/1/1923

Michigan: -17 Champion Van Riper Park 4/4/1954 (official), Bergland -34 4/1/1923 (unofficial)

New York: -24 North Lake 4/1/1923

Vermont: -13 Mt Mansfield 4/7/1982

New Hampshire: -20 Mt Washington 4/5/1995

Maine: -14 Clayton Lake 4/2/1964

 

BC: -31 Smith River 4/1/1954

Alberta: -38 Peace River 4/2/1954

Saskatchewan: -40 Key Lake 4/1/1996

Manitoba: -35 Port Nelson 4/14/1923

Ontario: -35 Hornepayne 4/2/1932

Quebec: -35 Doucet 4/1/1923

 

 

For the eastern portion of MT, the April record might be -27F at Redstone on 4/2/1975. 

 

I noticed that Redstone also hit -48F on 2/28/1962, so this station can definitely experience very cold minimums.

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Speaking of late February 1962, what an incredible cold wave. Readings dropped to -52F at Thoeny and -51F at Opheim 10N on 2/28/1962, both in northeastern MT, in addition to -51F at West Yellowstone on the 27th. A number of other stations in NE Montana dropped close to -50F, like Redstone above and a few others. Just a day later and this cold wave would have set the March record low for the conterminous US, which stands at -50F from March 1906 in WY. 

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Wanted to make a post about the cold trough in early June 1914. Pretty special event.

 

-Downtown Portland had a 51/45 day on the 6th

-Ashland was 56/33 on the 5th

-Prospect, at 2,800' in SW Oregon, recorded 0.2" of snow on the 4th with a high of 47 on the 6th

-Baker City recorded 0.4" of snow with a 41/32 day on the 4th

-Joseph had a 45/24 day on the 5th with 6.0" storm total snowfall

-Lakeview recorded 1.4" of snow on the 4th followed by a 45/20 day on the 5th

-Musick Mine, at 5,000' in the Umpqua National Forest, recorded a monthly total of 21.5" of snow

-Burns recorded 2.0" of snow, the modern day (1939-) June record is 1.0" on 6/5/1954

 

-Downtown Seattle recorded sub-62 maximums for 8 straight days (2nd-9th), including 53 on both the 7th & 8th

 

-Elko, NV recorded 1.7" of snow on the 5th followed by a low of 12 on the 6th, the only sub-20 low on record in the month of June

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April 2015 in Maine -

 

State record low for the month appears to have been set @ Van Buren with a reading of -19F on the 6th. Monthly record for ME for April was (as of 2004) listed as -14F at Clayton Lake in 1964:

 

https://www.infoplease.com/science-health/weather/maine-temperature-extremes

 

The Van Buren reading smashed the previous monthly record low for the station by 9 degrees, previously -10F on 4/2/1964. 

 

Also on 4/6/2015, Bridgewater hit -14F, Houlton hit -13F and Fort Kent recorded -12F. At Houlton, the previous monthly record had been just -6F. Caribou fell to -4F for a monthly record and also their latest sub-zero reading, previous mark for both categories was -2F on 4/2/1964.

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Wanted to make a post about the cold trough in early June 1914. Pretty special event.

 

 

On 6/6/1914, Salt Lake City had a low of 32F and 2.0 inches of snow, which is the latest frost and latest measurable snow for that location. 

 

http://images.summitpost.org/original/1007375.JPG

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This last spring SLC had a bit of snow on May 17th which was very anomalous and caused problems for gardens. I can't imagine 2 inches of wet snow almost 3 weeks later!

Winter 23-24: Total Snow (3.2")    Total Ice (0.2")     Coldest Low: 1F     Coldest High: 5F

Snow Events: 0.1" Jan 5th, 0.2" Jan 9th, 1.6" Jan 14, 0.2" (ice) Jan 22, 1.3" Feb 12

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Just found this interesting nugget - Prineville hit -37F in late December 1884, which actually exceeds the official all-time record low of -35F on 1/21/1930. 

 

This was part of a major cold wave centered on New Years 1884/1885 that also dropped The Dalles to -27F, produced maximums of -6F in Spokane and -5F in Lewiston (2nd coldest maximum there behind -8F in Dec 1968), and brought all-time record lows to Poplar River, MT (-63F), Regina, SK (-58F), and Duluth, MN (-41F), the latter two occurring during the first couple days of January 1885. 

 

From the The Biennial Report of the Oregon Weather Bureau, 1891:

 

 

Prineville_1884.jpg

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Just found this interesting nugget - Prineville hit -37F in late December 1884, which actually exceeds the official all-time record low of -35F on 1/21/1930. 

 

This was part of a major cold wave centered on New Years 1884/1885 that also dropped The Dalles to -27F, produced maximums of -6F in Spokane and -5F in Lewiston (2nd coldest maximum there behind -8F in Dec 1968), and brought all-time record lows to Poplar River, MT (-63F), Regina, SK (-58F), and Duluth, MN (-41F), the latter two occurring during the first couple days of January 1885. 

 

From the The Biennial Report of the Oregon Weather Bureau, 1891:

 

Mean temperature of 50F in Prineville in DJF?

 

#1800swerereallywarm

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One of the most impressive late season readings that I've found in the US is the -34F at Deerfield, SD on 3/25/1965. This is a monthly record for the station and is only 1F from the SD state record low for the month, despite occurring less than a week from April.

 

This cold wave produced a number of incredible readings across the northern tier, including -41F at Summit, MT and -39F in Bigfork, MN on the 24th. Chesaw, WA fell to -11F on both the 25th and 26th, the latest readings below -10F in WA state history. PDX recorded its latest official measurable snowfall on the 25th (although it remains a mystery how nothing was measured on 4/22/1961).

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  • 2 weeks later...

This is what I have for April record lows across northern tier states (as well as southern Canada)...corrections welcome.

 

Washington: -7 Lake Keechelus 4/1/1936

Oregon: -23 Meacham 4/1/1936

Idaho: -22 Copper Basin 4/5/1997

Montana: -33 Gates Park 4/2/2002

Wyoming: -29 Lake Yellowstone 4/1/1920

North Dakota: -24 Powers Lake 4/2/1975

South Dakota: -16 Deerfield 4/3/1951

Minnesota: -22 Karlstad 4/6/1979

Wisconsin: -17 Rest Lake 4/1/1923

Michigan: -17 Champion Van Riper Park 4/4/1954 (official), Bergland -34 4/1/1923 (unofficial)

New York: -24 North Lake 4/1/1923

Vermont: -13 Mt Mansfield 4/7/1982

New Hampshire: -20 Mt Washington 4/5/1995

Maine: -14 Clayton Lake 4/2/1964

 

BC: -31 Smith River 4/1/1954

Alberta: -38 Peace River 4/2/1954

Saskatchewan: -40 Key Lake 4/1/1996

Manitoba: -35 Port Nelson 4/14/1923

Ontario: -35 Hornepayne 4/2/1932

Quebec: -35 Doucet 4/1/1923

 

 

For Minnesota, in addition to the Karlstad reading (and the -22F at Tower on 4/6/1982), there's an older reading of -22F at Grand Portage on 4/1/1896. Kind of a strange case since the coldest readings in northern MN appear to have been on the 3rd-4th. Leech Lake fell to -13F on the 3rd and Pokegama recorded -16F on the 4th. The date of the 1st is therefore suspect...but interesting nonetheless. 

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So, to update the above table given all of the additions/corrections over the past year (April record lows):

 

Washington: -7 Lake Keechelus 4/1/1936
Oregon: -23 Meacham 4/1/1936
Idaho: -22 Copper Basin 4/5/1997
Montana: -33 Gates Park 4/2/2002
Wyoming: -29 Lake Yellowstone 4/1/1920
North Dakota: -24 Powers Lake 4/2/1975
South Dakota: -22 Deerfield 4/2/1975
Minnesota: -22 Tower 4/6/1982, Karlstad 4/6/1979, Grand Portage 4/1/1896* (*possibly suspect)
Wisconsin: -28 Minocqua 4/1/1924 (possibly suspect as next coldest reading was -17 at Prentice; other candidate is -18 at Long Lake on 4/1/1923)
Michigan: -34 Bergland 4/1/1923

New York: -24 North Lake 4/1/1923
Vermont: -13 Mt Mansfield 4/7/1982
New Hampshire: -20 Mt Washington 4/5/1995
Maine: -19 Van Buren 4/6/2015

BC: -37 Dawson Creek 4/2/1954
Alberta: -41 Springdale 4/2/1954
Saskatchewan: -41 Carswell Lake 4/1/1982
Manitoba: -36 Ruttan Lake 4/6/1982
Ontario: -37 Central Patricia 4/6/1972
Quebec: -35 Doucet 4/1/1923

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One of the most impressive late season readings that I've found in the US is the -34F at Deerfield, SD on 3/25/1965. This is a monthly record for the station and is only 1F from the SD state record low for the month, despite occurring less than a week from April.

 

This cold wave produced a number of incredible readings across the northern tier, including -41F at Summit, MT and -39F in Bigfork, MN on the 24th. Chesaw, WA fell to -11F on both the 25th and 26th, the latest readings below -10F in WA state history. PDX recorded its latest official measurable snowfall on the 25th (although it remains a mystery how nothing was measured on 4/22/1961).

 

Yeah, PDX has always been pretty poor at measuring anything during wet snow events, obviously their elevation plays a part in that but they also seem to have a tendency to lowball. I believe that most of the Portland metro above 100' had an inch or more that morning though.

 

And there were actually two incredible airmasses in March 1965. It was the coldest March on record, nationally. And for the Intermountain West it was the 2nd consecutive year with a major arctic blast during that first week of spring.

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Yeah, PDX has always been pretty poor at measuring anything during wet snow events, obviously their elevation plays a part in that but they also seem to have a tendency to lowball. I believe that most of the Portland metro above 100' had an inch or more that morning though.

 

And there were actually two incredible airmasses in March 1965. It was the coldest March on record, nationally. And for the Intermountain West it was the 2nd consecutive year with a major arctic blast during that first week of spring.

 

Yeah, the airmass around the 17th-19th was no joke either. Pretty spectacular retrogression leading up to that event as well, after a week of warm weather here. 

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